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Augustus annexed Egypt in 30 BC during the civil wars and extended the borders of the empire in North Africa. He also annexed Galatia (in central Turkey) in 25 BC, Cantabria and Asturias (in northwestern Spain) in 19 BC, Noricum(most of Austria and part of Bavaria in southern Germany and part of Slovenia) in 16 BC, Rhaetia (central and eastern Switzerland, eastern Austria and part of southern Germany) in 15 BC and Pannonia (Eastern Austria and western Hungary) in 9 BC.

Augustus turned the Roman protectorate of Illyricum (northern Albania, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina and coastal and northwestern Croatia) into a province of the empire sometime between 35 and 33 AD.

Augustus also fought and expanded deep into western Germany, but was defeated at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest in 9 AD and withdrew back to the previous frontier of the empire along the river Rhine.

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12y ago

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