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Over the course of his life, George Washington owned hundreds of slaves. As a teenager, he inherited about 11 slaves from his father, and owned about 36 slaves at the time of his marriage.

His 1759 marriage to the widow Martha Custis brought at least 85 more slaves to Mount Vernon, but these belonged to her family, and were referred to as "dower slaves". With his wife's wealth, he bought more land and slaves.

Washington paid taxes on 49 slaves in 1760, and on 135 slaves in 1774. [NOTE: These numbers do not include the "dowers".] His last recorded purchase of a slave was in 1772.

The 1786 Mount Vernon slave census lists 103 Washington slaves and 113 "dowers".

The 1799 Mount Vernon slave census lists 124 Washington slaves and 153 "dowers".

Washington freed his own slaves following his 1799 death through his will. The "dower slaves" were not freed, but inherited by Martha Washington's grandchildren following her 1802 death.

Source: http://www.ushistory.org/presidentshouse/slaves/numbers.htm

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