Briefly.
It started with abraham working out that there is only one source to the universe despite the polytheistic and pagan philosophies believed at that time. Then God revealed Himself to abraham and said that a great nation will descend from him (all this around 1800 bce).
After a few generations the one branch of his descendants (through his son isaac and grandson jacob) ended up in Egypt. They were called the sons of Israel (or israelites), because they were all descendants of jacob who was also called israel. They were enslaved there for a couple of hundred years. Then God told moses (great great grandson of jacob) to tell the egyptian pharaoh to let the israelites go. After the pharaoh's refusal, God then brought ten miraculous plagues on the egyptians, and eventually the israelites were allowed to leave.
A month and a half later they arrived at mount sinai, where God spoke directly to the israelite nation, and gave them the ten commandments. He told them that they were the nation he has chosen to fulfill his purpose in the world, and to be a light to the other nations of the world. This happened in 1312 bce.
This is essentially the history of the roots of the jewish religion.
(The name jewish only came along later in about the year 350bce which means descendant of judah - the 4th son of jacob. this replaced the name israelite but the people are the same.)
Answer:
See the following:
http://Judaism.answers.com/jewish-history/timeline-of-jewish-history
Jerusalem is not terribly important to the history of Mesopotamia. The only real connection that it has is that a number of Mesopotamian civilizations (like Assyria and Babylonia) attacked and besieged the city.
Among the important events in history during 1099 was that the Crusaders attacked Jerusalem and capture the city from Fatimid Egypt. The attack resulted in much of Jerusalem's population being slaughtered.
From a historical perspective, the single most important event in Jewish history was the Babylonian Exile, but this, and the return from Exile, are not really an 'Exodus'.The story of the Exodus from Egypt was important in Jewish biblical tradition, but not in history. Nearly all scholars say there was no Exodus from Egypt as described in The Bible, so the Exodus could not be important in a normal historical sense.
Passover was not important at all to the ancient Romans in the city of Rome. It could only have relevance for the Jewish community as it was/is a Jewish remembrance. However in Jerusalem itself it was a problem as there was always the potential for riots and trouble due to the crowds that came to the city to observe the feast. That is why Pontius Pilate was sent to Jerusalem with troops and orders to keep the peace.Passover was not important at all to the ancient Romans in the city of Rome. It could only have relevance for the Jewish community as it was/is a Jewish remembrance. However in Jerusalem itself it was a problem as there was always the potential for riots and trouble due to the crowds that came to the city to observe the feast. That is why Pontius Pilate was sent to Jerusalem with troops and orders to keep the peace.Passover was not important at all to the ancient Romans in the city of Rome. It could only have relevance for the Jewish community as it was/is a Jewish remembrance. However in Jerusalem itself it was a problem as there was always the potential for riots and trouble due to the crowds that came to the city to observe the feast. That is why Pontius Pilate was sent to Jerusalem with troops and orders to keep the peace.Passover was not important at all to the ancient Romans in the city of Rome. It could only have relevance for the Jewish community as it was/is a Jewish remembrance. However in Jerusalem itself it was a problem as there was always the potential for riots and trouble due to the crowds that came to the city to observe the feast. That is why Pontius Pilate was sent to Jerusalem with troops and orders to keep the peace.Passover was not important at all to the ancient Romans in the city of Rome. It could only have relevance for the Jewish community as it was/is a Jewish remembrance. However in Jerusalem itself it was a problem as there was always the potential for riots and trouble due to the crowds that came to the city to observe the feast. That is why Pontius Pilate was sent to Jerusalem with troops and orders to keep the peace.Passover was not important at all to the ancient Romans in the city of Rome. It could only have relevance for the Jewish community as it was/is a Jewish remembrance. However in Jerusalem itself it was a problem as there was always the potential for riots and trouble due to the crowds that came to the city to observe the feast. That is why Pontius Pilate was sent to Jerusalem with troops and orders to keep the peace.Passover was not important at all to the ancient Romans in the city of Rome. It could only have relevance for the Jewish community as it was/is a Jewish remembrance. However in Jerusalem itself it was a problem as there was always the potential for riots and trouble due to the crowds that came to the city to observe the feast. That is why Pontius Pilate was sent to Jerusalem with troops and orders to keep the peace.Passover was not important at all to the ancient Romans in the city of Rome. It could only have relevance for the Jewish community as it was/is a Jewish remembrance. However in Jerusalem itself it was a problem as there was always the potential for riots and trouble due to the crowds that came to the city to observe the feast. That is why Pontius Pilate was sent to Jerusalem with troops and orders to keep the peace.Passover was not important at all to the ancient Romans in the city of Rome. It could only have relevance for the Jewish community as it was/is a Jewish remembrance. However in Jerusalem itself it was a problem as there was always the potential for riots and trouble due to the crowds that came to the city to observe the feast. That is why Pontius Pilate was sent to Jerusalem with troops and orders to keep the peace.
The return of several tens of thousands of Jews from the Babylonian exile and the rebuilding of Jerusalem and the Temple.
For Judaism: http://judaism.answers.com/jewish-history/jerusalem-in-judaism
The Jerusalem Temple was destroyed in 70 AD by the Romans. Its destruction marked the end of Jewish control over Jerusalem and the scattering of the Jewish people. This event is significant in history as it led to the diaspora of the Jewish population and the shift of religious focus from temple worship to synagogue worship.
Ask them. Go to one of each religion and ask.
Jerusalem is not terribly important to the history of Mesopotamia. The only real connection that it has is that a number of Mesopotamian civilizations (like Assyria and Babylonia) attacked and besieged the city.
Jerusalem; because it was the site of the Holy Temple.
Jerusalem is mostly Jewish, so Judaism predominates.
Scribes in ancient Judea taught about the Jewish religion. They debated certain aspects of the Bible and recorded important events in Jewish history.
Thomas A. Idinopulos has written: 'Jerusalem' -- subject(s): Religion, History, Jerusalem in Islam, Jerusalem in Christianity, Jerusalem in Judaism 'Betrayal of spirit' -- subject(s): Judaism, Relations, Christianity, Christianity and antisemitism, Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945), Antisemitism, Christianity and other religions, History
The destruction of the First Temple in Jerusalem led to the exile of the Jewish people, the loss of their religious center, and the beginning of a period of diaspora and dispersion. It also marked a significant turning point in Jewish history and identity.
Among the important events in history during 1099 was that the Crusaders attacked Jerusalem and capture the city from Fatimid Egypt. The attack resulted in much of Jerusalem's population being slaughtered.
jerusalem, tzefat, hebron
For information about the teachings, practices, principles, beliefs, and history of Judaism:wiki.answers.com/Q/what_are_the_beliefs_and_laws_of_judaismhttp://judaism.answers.com/jewish-philosophy/principles-of-judaismhttp://judaism.answers.com/jewish-culture/basic-jewish-ethicswww.jewfaq.org/halakhah.htmhttp://judaism.answers.com/jewish-history/timeline-of-jewish-history