Thorium oxide is not particularly expensive. Thorium metal is very expensive, but this may be because there is so little demand for it that it has to be specially made when someone wants it.
Thorium was discovered by Jons Jakob Berzelius in 1828.
Thorium was discovered in 1829 by the Swedish chemist Jons Jakob Berzelius.
Thorium was discovered by Jöns Jakob Berzelius in 1815-1828, analyzing some minerals from Sweden and Norway. The announcement of the discovery was in 1829. Berzelius worked in Sweden.
Jons Jakob Berzelius
Yes, they were rather expensive as they were considered a delicacy.Yes, they were rather expensive as they were considered a delicacy.Yes, they were rather expensive as they were considered a delicacy.Yes, they were rather expensive as they were considered a delicacy.Yes, they were rather expensive as they were considered a delicacy.Yes, they were rather expensive as they were considered a delicacy.Yes, they were rather expensive as they were considered a delicacy.Yes, they were rather expensive as they were considered a delicacy.Yes, they were rather expensive as they were considered a delicacy.
Thorium is a naturally radioactive element and is extremely expensive to mine--environmental regulations and waste disposal mandate costly extraction and transport procedures
Common compounds of thorium: thorium dioxide, thorium trifluoride, thorium tetrafluoride, thorium tetrachloride, thorium triiodide, thorium diiodide, thorium tetraiodide, thorium nitrate, thorium oxalate, thorium carbide, thorium sulfides, thorium nitride, thorium oxinate, etc.
1. Thorium is more abundant than uranium. 2. Thorium is not so expensive as uranium. 3. Countries without uranium but with thorium reserves have the possibility to build nuclear reactors. 4. Natural thorium has only one isotope; enrichment is not necessary. 5. Thorium can't be used in nuclear weapons. 6. The specific activity of thorium is very low. 7. The physical properties of ThO2 are superior to the properties of UO2. 8. The nuclear properties of thorium are suitable for a nuclear fertile material.
The cost of thorium can vary depending on the supplier and market conditions, but it generally ranges from $30 to $50 per gram. However, it is not typically available for purchase in small quantities as it is primarily used in industrial applications.
Thorium is not a fissile material; and also is dangerous and expensive to have a nuclear reactor in each home.
Thorium and fluorine Thorium trifluoride - ThF3 Thorium tetrafluoride - ThF4
Hazards and Health Considerations: Thorium presents both a toxic and radiological hazard. Toxicologically, it causes heavy metal poisoning similar to lead or the uranium isotopes. Biologically, thorium accumulates in the skeletal system where it has a biological half-life of 200 years, the same as plutonium. An M 17 protective mask and standard anti-contamination clothing will adequately protect against thorium.
Thorium is a natural, radioactive, chemical element; chemically, thorium is homogeneous.
Also thorium.
The chemical symbol of thorium is Th.
232Th has 142 neutrons and 90 protons and electrons.
Thorium as a metal is obtained by a calciothermic process from thorium dioxide. Other methods are: electrolysis of thorium tetrafluoride and thermal decomposition of thorium tetraiodide (Van Arkel-de Boer process).