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Catherine the Great attempted reforms to benefit her people, but her actions were flawed in some important ways. The authority and power of the nobility increased at the expense of the serfs, and the condition of ordinary people deteriorated.
After the Czar Alexander II's emancipation edict, all the personal serfdom was abolished.
The Russian revolution began with his death and the deaths of his wife and 6 children . He did not abolish serfdom. The whole point of the revolution was to overthrow the Czar and replace him with a government that controlled all aspects of living for the Russian people.
Serfdom in Russia was formally established during the reign of Ivan IV, commonly known as Ivan the Terrible, but it evolved gradually over time. While Ivan the Terrible ruled from 1547 to 1584, the legal framework for serfdom became more entrenched later in the 17th century, particularly with the 1649 Sobornoye Ulozheniye (Code) that solidified serfs' status. By this time, serfdom had become a widespread institution in Russian society.
Spain abolished serfdom in 1837
Joseph II abolished selfdom
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Joseph II
Czar Alexander II freed the serfs in his empire in 1742. While they were freed, they were still very poor and still worked in terrible conditions.
He abolished serfdom on all royal lands in Prussia, all the lands that he owned, but not throughout the country.
Tsar Alexander II issued the "Emancipation Edict" which abolished the institution of serfdom.
Czar Alexander II. He abolished serfdom in 1861
Serfdom was abolished in various ways during the Age of Enlightenment, including through legislative reforms and social movements that emphasized individual freedoms and rights. The Enlightenment ideals of liberty, equality, and reason led to the questioning of feudalistic systems and the recognition of serfdom as a violation of human dignity. Reforms such as the Emancipation Manifesto in Russia and the French Revolution played key roles in the abolition of serfdom during this period.
Catherine the Great attempted reforms to benefit her people, but her actions were flawed in some important ways. The authority and power of the nobility increased at the expense of the serfs, and the condition of ordinary people deteriorated.
Joseph II
Russia abolished serfdom, which was a form of semi-feudal slavery, in 1861 under Tsar Alexander II. This decree freed over 23 million serfs and marked the end of serfdom in Russia.