What did Jim crow laws refer to?

Answer 1

Jim Crow laws were state and local statutes enacted in the United States, primarily in the South, from the late 19th century until the mid-20th century. These laws enforced racial segregation and aimed to disenfranchise African Americans by promoting discrimination in public facilities, education, transportation, and voting. The term "Jim Crow" originated from a minstrel show character and became synonymous with the institutionalized racism that characterized this period. The laws were eventually challenged and dismantled during the Civil Rights Movement, culminating in landmark legislation like the Civil Rights Act of 1964.