What event marked the end of the crusades?

Answer 1

They brought in Yo' mama and thought she was an elephant.

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The end of the Crusades was paradoxically probably a result of the death of King Henry III of England (16 November 1272).

The early crusades had rapidly captured Jerusalem (1099), and established strong European bases on the eastern mediterranean litoral. But it soon became clear that early Christian success had turned mainly on surprise, and the chronic political instability of the area. By 1187 Saladin had retaken the Holy City - after destroying the Christian main armies at Hattin - and from then on Christian activities in the area were increasingly about delaying their inexorable defeat and expulsion.

By the time of the Ninth Crusade (1271) enthusiasm for military forays into the Holy Land was clearly waning. The Mamluk leader Baibars had inflicted stinging defeats on the forces of the Seventh Crusade (1260), and the Christians were largely reduced to holding on to their coastal cities: new conquest was rare and not usually sustainable.

The Ninth Crusade was headed up by Prince Edward of England. Edward would later show himself a brilliant military leader, and early on in the Ninth Crusade he managed some impressive victories over Baibars. But Edward had limited success persuading Hugh III of Cyprus (nominal King of Jerusalem) to consolidate the Crusaders' gains, and when Edward returned to England to become King Edward I (on the death of his father, Henry III) the crusades petered out.