What happened between 1653-1713?

Answer 1

Between 1653 and 1713, significant events shaped European history, including the rise of absolutism in France under Louis XIV, who reigned from 1643 to 1715. The period also saw the end of the Thirty Years' War in 1648, the establishment of the Dutch Republic as a major maritime power, and the emergence of the English Civil War, leading to the eventual restoration of the monarchy in 1660. The War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1714) was another key conflict, resulting in the Treaty of Utrecht, which reshaped the balance of power in Europe.