This depends on the time period. Today, Asia Minor is under Turkish control and the Holy Sites of the Monotheistic faiths are under Israeli and Palestinian control. The most recent empire to control both areas was the Ottoman Empire, which lost control of the Levant region in 1917.
There was no successor in the west besides a thing called the Holy Roman Empire which had nothing to do with ancient Rome. In the east it was the Ottoman empire.
The invaders who conquered the Arabian Peninsula in the 1500s and established the Ottoman Empire originated from modern-day Turkey and surrounding regions. The Ottomans, a Turkish dynasty, expanded their empire through military conquests, incorporating vast territories in the Middle East, North Africa, and Southeastern Europe. Their expansion into the Arabian Peninsula was part of a broader campaign to control key trade routes and Islamic holy cities.
The Crimean War (1853-1856) was primarily caused by the tensions between Russia and the Ottoman Empire over control of territories and religious rights in the Holy Land. Czar Nicholas I aimed to expand Russian influence and protect Orthodox Christians in the Ottoman Empire, leading to threats of territorial annexation. This aggressive stance alarmed other European powers, particularly Britain and France, prompting them to support the Ottomans and ultimately intervene militarily to curb Russian expansionism.
The three heirs of Rome are generally considered to be the Byzantine Empire, the Holy Roman Empire, and the Ottoman Empire. The Byzantine Empire, also known as the Eastern Roman Empire, preserved Roman law and culture for nearly a thousand years after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. The Holy Roman Empire sought to revive the legacy of Rome in Central Europe, while the Ottoman Empire, which conquered Constantinople in 1453, incorporated many aspects of Roman governance and administration. Together, these empires reflect the enduring influence of Roman civilization across different regions and periods.
the former Ottoman Empire.
The Ottoman Empire
This depends on the time period. Today, Asia Minor is under Turkish control and the Holy Sites of the Monotheistic faiths are under Israeli and Palestinian control. The most recent empire to control both areas was the Ottoman Empire, which lost control of the Levant region in 1917.
There was no successor in the west besides a thing called the Holy Roman Empire which had nothing to do with ancient Rome. In the east it was the Ottoman empire.
The Crimean war lasted from 1853 to 1856. It was a war between Russia and an alliance consisting of Britain, France, the Ottoman empire and the kingdom of Sardinia - the war was fought because both sides wanted control over the territory belonging to the ottoman empire and over the holy land.
Nearly every major Islamic holy city (with the exception of Moulay Idriss) has come under Ottoman control. (This includes the cities of Mecca, Medina, Jerusalem, Damascus, Cairo, Baghdad, An-Najaf (Shiites), Karbala (Shiites), etc.) The two you are probably looking for are Mecca and Medina.
The Holy Roman Empire was dissolved by Napoleon, and became just a large number of small countries. In the years after the Napoleonic Wars ended, these countries came together in a confederacy called the Zollverein, or German Customs Union. This might be the best organization to call the replacement of the Holy Roman Empire.
It affected the holy roman empire by German emperors tried to control the church officials, nobles and popes. In which revolved into conflicts when it was time to select certain church official, and monarchs.
At the start of the crusade, the pope wanted to free the Holy land from the control of the Byzantine Empire.
Voltaire said the Holy Roman Empire was not 'Holy, Roman, or an Empire.'
In 1909 during WWI The British and French both attacked the Ottoman Empire( undefeated for over 4 centuries). But they asked the jews to help them by making a treaty called the Balflour saying "if you help us defeat the Ottoman Empire, we will give you a peace of they're land". Unfortunately the French and Brittish lied and spit the land for themselves.
Suleiman probably wanted to include Medina and Mecca in his empire because they were Muslim holy cities.