What is the history of rockets?

Answer 1

• 12th century CE - Rockets and fireworks evolved with use in weaponry in China.

• 1448 - During the era of Sejong the Great, the 4th King of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea, Koreans invented the World's first gunpowdered multi-missile launchers called Singijun or Hwacha.

• 1650 - Artis Magnae Artilleriae pars prima ("Great Art of Artillery, the First Part") is printed in Amsterdam, about a year before the death of its author, Kazimierz Siemienowicz.

• 1798 - Tipu Sultan, the King of the state of Mysore in India, develops and uses iron rockets against the British Army.

• 1803 - The British Army develops the Congreve rocket based on weapons used against them by Tipu Sultan.

• 1865 - Jules Verne publishes From the Earth to the Moon as a humorous science fantasy story

• 1903 - Konstantin Tsiolkovsky begins a series of papers discussing the use of rocketry to reach outer space, space suits, and colonization of the solar system. Two key points discussed in his works are liquid fuels and staging.

• 1922 - Hermann Oberth publishes Die Rakete zu den Planetenräumen ("By Rocket into Planetary Space").

• 1926 - Robert Goddard launches the first liquid fuel rocket.

• 1927 - Verein für Raumschiffahrt (VfR - "Spaceflight Society") founded in Germany.

• 1929 - Woman in the Moon, considered to be one of the first "serious" Science Fiction films.

• 1939 - Katyusha multiple rocket launchers (Russian: Катюша) are a type of rocket artillery first built and fielded by the Soviet Union.

• 1942 - Wernher von Braun and Walter Dornberger launch the first V-2 rocket at Peenemünde in northern Germany.

• 1942 - A V-2 rocket becomes the first man-made object in space.

• 1945 - Lothar Sieber dies after the first vertical take-off manned rocket flight in a Bachem Ba 349 "Natter"

• 1949 - Willy Ley publishes The Conquest of Space

• 1952 - Wernher von Braun discusses the technical details of a manned exploration of Mars in The Mars Project.

• 1953 - Colliers Magazine publishes a series of articles on man's future in space, igniting the interest of people around the world. The series includes numerous articles by Ley and von Braun, illustrated by Chesley Bonestell.

• 1957 - Launch of the first ICBM, the USSR's R-7 (8K71), known to NATO as the SS-6 Sapwood.

• 1957 - The USSR launches Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite.

• 1958 - The U.S. launches Explorer 1, the first American artificial satellite, on a Jupiter-C rocket.

• 1958 - US launches their first ICBM, the Atlas-B (the Atlas-A was a test article only).

• 1961 - the USSR launches Vostok 1, Yuri Gagarin reached a height of 327 km above Earth and was the first man to orbit earth.

• 1961 - US, a Mercury capsule named Freedom 7 with Alan B. Shepard, spacecraft was launched by a Redstone rocket on a ballistic trajectory suborbital flight.

• 1962 - The US launches Mercury MA-6 (Friendship 7) on an Atlas D booster, John Glenn finally puts America in orbit.

• 1963 - The USSR launches Vostok 6, Valentina Tereshkova was the first woman (and first civilian) to orbit earth. She remained in space for nearly three days and orbited the earth 48 times.

• 1965 - USSR Proton rocket, highly successful launch vehicle with notable payloads, Salyut 6 & Salyut 7, Mir & ISS components

• 1966 - USSR Luna 9, the first soft landing on the Moon

• 1966 - USSR launch Soyuz spacecraft, the most successful spacecraft ever design, serving both USSR and US space missions.

• 1969 - US Apollo 11, first men on the Moon, first lunar surface extravehicular activity.

• 1981 - US space shuttle pioneers reusability and glide landings

• 1986 - USSR Mir space station launch in to orbit by Proton rocket

• 1998 - US Deep Space 1 is first deep space mission to use an ion thruster for propulsion

• 1998 - Russia launch Zarya module which is the first part of International Space Station

• 2001 - Russian Soyuz spacecraft sent the first space tourist Dennis Tito to International Space Station

• 2004 - US SpaceShipOne pioneers commercial reusability, carried launch and glide landings