The king inherited his position through the monarchical system of succession. Typically, the king's position is passed down from generation to generation within a royal family. In some cases, the king may also acquire the position through marriage or by conquering and establishing his rule over a territory.
From Wikipedia"An adherent of the concept of the divine right of kings, which advocates the divine origin of monarchical rule, Louis continued his predecessors' work of creating a centralized state governed from the capital. He sought to eliminate the remnants of feudalism persisting in parts of France and, by compelling many members of the nobility to inhabit his lavish Palace of Versailles, succeeded in pacifying the aristocracy, many members of which had participated in the Fronde rebellion during Louis' minority. By these means he became one of the most powerful French monarchs and consolidated a system of absolute monarchical rule in France that endured until the French Revolution."-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XIV_of_France
Thomas Paine criticized monarchical government and British control of the colonies by appealing to concepts of equality, reason, and nature in his writings. He argued that all individuals are inherently equal and that hereditary rule contradicts this principle, asserting that government should be based on reason and the consent of the governed rather than force or tradition. Paine also emphasized that natural rights are universal, and any government that infringes upon these rights lacks legitimacy. Through these arguments, he called for a democratic system that reflects the will of the people rather than the arbitrary authority of a monarch.
The patriot who wrote an influential book denouncing British aristocrats as frauds and parasites was Thomas Paine. In his work "Common Sense," published in 1776, Paine argued for American independence and criticized the monarchical system, highlighting the injustices perpetuated by the aristocracy. His passionate advocacy for democracy and egalitarianism resonated deeply with the American colonists and played a significant role in galvanizing support for the Revolutionary War.
Enlightenment thinkers, such as John Locke, Voltaire, and Montesquieu, challenged the absolute authority of monarchies by promoting ideas of individual rights, reason, and the separation of powers. Their advocacy for democracy, liberty, and social contract theories inspired revolutions, including the American and French Revolutions, which weakened monarchical control. By emphasizing rational governance and the importance of consent from the governed, Enlightenment thought fundamentally transformed political discourse and led to the emergence of constitutional and representative governments. Ultimately, these ideas diminished the legitimacy of absolute monarchy and encouraged the rise of secular and democratic institutions.
The Netherlands is under a Democratic government which is technically under a monarchical rule.
The French revolutionists (the 3rd estate, the bourgeoisie) fought against their monarchical system.
growing economic power of merchants
five types of monarchical governments in the world today
We Three Kings
We Three Kings
Monarchical episcopate refers to a form of church governance in which a single bishop holds primary authority over a diocese, exercising both spiritual and administrative leadership. This system contrasts with a more collegial approach where authority is shared among multiple bishops. The monarchical episcopate emerged in the early Christian church as a means to ensure unity and doctrinal consistency within the community. It is often associated with the development of hierarchical structures in ecclesiastical governance.
England is a country with constitutional monarchy.
Enlightened Absolutism
The signing of the Magna Carta
George III wanted Parliament to have less power. George III wanted more monarchical power.
The Dutch government is a Democracy which is technically still under monarchical rule.