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First, there is the debate as to whether Palestine is a country or not. For the moment, let us avoid that debate and consider "Palestine" to refer to any are within the former Mandate of Palestine not under de jure Israeli control.

There are currently two distinct Palestinian Governments: the Palestinian Authority and the Hamas-Government.

The Palestinian Authority is the only internationally-recognized legitimate government of Palestine. It is a Parliamentary Democracy formed of an elected Parliament. The two main parties prior to 2007 were the political wings of Fatah and Hamas. After the Palestinian Civil War, Hamas has been removed from the Parliament, effectively making it a Fatah Dictatorship.

The Hamas Government is an unrecognized "rogue" state. It is typically considered a One-Party Dictatorship with recognized heads in the Gaza Strip. Additionally, there is a central coordinating and directing wing in Damascus, Syria.

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