What laws were made to deny Jews their basic rights?

Answer 1

There were a series of anti-Jewish laws passed in Nazi Germany:

• Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service: This law, passed on April 7, 1933, essentially fired any Jews working for the government (including teachers, professors, judges, etc), and prevented them from working in those areas. (This is the law that caused Albert Einstein to resign and move to the US.)
• Law against the Overcrowding of German Schools and Universities: This law, passed on April 25,1933, essentially did the same thing for other professions, such as lawyers, doctors, tax consultants, musicians, and notaries.
• Law on the Retirement and Transfer of Professors as a Result of the Reorganization of the German System of Higher Educationwas passed on January 21, 1935.
• The Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honour (one of the so-called Nuremberg Laws) was announced September 15, 1935, and essentially made it illegal for a Jew to marry a non-Jew, to have an affair with a non-Jew, or to employ any female non-Jew under the age of 45 in the household.
• The Reich Citizenship Law (one of the so-called Nuremberg Laws) was also announced September 15, 1935. It stripped specific "non-Aryans" of citizenship, like Jews, Gypsies, and Blacks, but allowed other European minorities to be citizens.

Similar laws, not specifically targeting Jews, were also passed:

• Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring enforced in July 1933, was a sterilization law that affected mainly Gypsies.
• Law against Dangerous Habitual Criminals in November 1933 allowed the arrest of prostitutes, gypsies, vagrants, beggars, alcoholics, and many others (anyone seen as "asocial"), and their removal to concentration camps.

Answer 2

There were quite a number of such laws. There were laws requiring Jews to live in certain places, restricted their choice of occupations, mandated wearing certain clothes, gave them a curfew, required additional taxes from them (or even worse, made them tax collectors), and, in some cases, Jews were legally prevented from talking to Non-Jews outside of perfunctory job-related speech.

Answer 3

Removing Jews from public life in Germany had been a key feature of Nazi policy from the very outset.

Answer 4

Nuremberg Laws; and before that there were many anti-Jewish Church decrees.

Answer 5

The Nuremurg laws.