earthquakes and floods
The Harappan civilization, located in the Indus Valley, had significant trading connections with Mesopotamia. Traders likely utilized overland routes through the Arabian Desert and possibly maritime routes via the Persian Gulf to facilitate trade between the two regions. Goods such as textiles, metals, and agricultural products were exchanged, highlighting the sophistication of their trade networks.
The Indus River Valley period, characterized by the flourishing of the Harappan civilization, is generally considered to have ended around 1900 BCE. The decline is attributed to a combination of factors, including climate change leading to drought, shifts in river patterns, and possibly social upheaval or invasions. These changes resulted in the gradual abandonment of urban centers and a decline in trade and agricultural productivity. Ultimately, the civilization fragmented into smaller, less organized communities.
The citadel was possibly occupied by the members of the ruling classes
The Inca people are thought to possibly have started as nomadic tribes. The civilization was mainly a non-nomadic and stationary society.
There was Ferdinand Magellan's Malay slave, Enrique. He could have possibly be the first person to sail around the world. He was probably from Sumatra and was acquired as a slave in Malacca when he was in his teens.
earthquakes and floods
earthquakes and floods
The Indus Valley civilization began to decline around 1900 BCE, with significant factors contributing to its collapse including climate change, shifting river patterns, and possibly invasions or internal strife. By approximately 1300 BCE, many urban centers were abandoned, leading to the civilization's eventual dissolution. The gradual decline rather than a sudden collapse marks this period in history.
The Harappan civilization, located in the Indus Valley, had significant trading connections with Mesopotamia. Traders likely utilized overland routes through the Arabian Desert and possibly maritime routes via the Persian Gulf to facilitate trade between the two regions. Goods such as textiles, metals, and agricultural products were exchanged, highlighting the sophistication of their trade networks.
The seals from the Harappan civilization primarily depicted various animals, including bulls, elephants, and tigers, often in a stylized manner. Many of these seals featured inscriptions in an undeciphered script, suggesting a form of communication or trade. Additionally, some seals portrayed human figures, possibly indicating religious or ritual significance. Overall, the imagery reflects the cultural and economic aspects of the Harappan society.
Possibly natural disaster depending on severity.
Possibly. It's unlikely that it was a Vedic\Aryan civilization.
Possibly. It can be caused by overpopulation and mismanagement of agriculture.
The collapse of the Moche civilization in ancient Peru around 800-1000 AD is likely due to a combination of factors including environmental changes, climate shifts, natural disasters, and possibly internal strife or conflicts with neighboring groups. These disruptions may have led to agricultural failures, resource shortages, and social instability, ultimately contributing to the downfall of the Moche society.
The Indus River Valley period, characterized by the flourishing of the Harappan civilization, is generally considered to have ended around 1900 BCE. The decline is attributed to a combination of factors, including climate change leading to drought, shifts in river patterns, and possibly social upheaval or invasions. These changes resulted in the gradual abandonment of urban centers and a decline in trade and agricultural productivity. Ultimately, the civilization fragmented into smaller, less organized communities.
The citadel was possibly occupied by the members of the ruling classes
The Harappans, part of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization, primarily reared domesticated animals such as cattle, goats, sheep, and pigs. They also kept chickens and possibly water buffalo. Evidence from archaeological sites shows that these animals were important for agriculture, transport, and food sources. The presence of animal figurines in Harappan artifacts suggests that they held cultural significance as well.