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In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, major European nations engaged in a period known as the "Scramble for Africa," where they sought to expand their empires by colonizing vast territories on the African continent. This competition was driven by the desire for economic resources, strategic advantages, and national prestige. The Berlin Conference of 1884-1885 formalized the process, establishing rules for the colonization of Africa and intensifying rivalries among European powers. As a result, most of Africa was divided among Britain, France, Germany, Belgium, and other nations.

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