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The Sejm was the legislative assembly of the Kingdom of Poland and later the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, functioning from the late Middle Ages until the partitions of Poland in the late 18th century. It consisted of two chambers: the lower house, known as the Deputies, and the upper house, called the Senate. The Sejm played a crucial role in shaping Polish law and policy, often convening to discuss matters of national importance. Its unique system of "liberum veto" allowed any member to dissolve a session, which ultimately contributed to its inefficiency and decline.

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