The Renaissance was a cultural, artistic, and intellectual movement that began in Italy in the late 14th century and spread throughout Europe, lasting until the 17th century. It marked a revival of interest in the classical art, literature, and philosophies of Ancient Greece and Rome. The Renaissance emphasized Humanism, individualism, and the potential for human achievement, leading to significant advancements in art, science, and literature. Notable figures from this period include artists like Leonardo da vinci and Michelangelo, as well as thinkers such as Galileo and Machiavelli.