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Columbus was born in Genoa (now part of Italy) but lived in Portugal and later Spain. With backing from the rulers Ferdinand and Isabella, he sailed to the Americas (West Indies and northern South America) while seeking a shorter and safer way to reach the Far East (India and China). In 1492, he became the first European to travel to the New World since Leif Ericson around the year 1000. He opened the way for Spanish conquest and colonization, which was soon followed by other countries in Europe.

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