Where was the empire created by the Portuguese in 1822?

Answer 1

The Portuguese Empire was created much earlier than 1822. It was created in the 15th and 16th centuries. There is the term Third Portuguese Empire which has been coined by historians to indicate a new phase of Portuguese colonialism and whose dates are given as 1825-1975. This followed the loss of Brazil in 1825. In September 1822 Brazil (by far the largest Portuguese colony) declared independence. This was followed by a war of independence which lasted until March 1824. In August 1825 Portugal recognised Brazil's independence.

With the loss of Brazil, and having already lost it colonies in Asia, but a few naval bases, Portugal decided to concentrate its colonial efforts in Africa. The Portuguese government wanted to join their colonies in southern Africa (Angola on the west coast and Mozambique on the east coast) by penetrating inland to create corridor to connect them. In 1885 it produced the Pink Map, a document which represented Portugal's claim of sovereignty over this land corridor. This ambition was thwarted by British opposition. Nevertheless, Portugal still expanded their holdings in these two colonies.