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James Chadwick discovered the neutron in 1932.

Leo Szilard got the idea of the neutron chain reaction as a means of releasing the energy of the atom in 1933 and filed a patent on this process in 1934 (the patent was granted in 1936 and promptly classified by the British Admiralty to prevent Germany from seeing it).

However the breakthrough that made atomic bombs possible was the discovery of nuclear fission of uranium in 1939 by a joint German and Swedish team.

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