An order issued by President Lincoln freeing the slaves in areas rebelling against the Union; it took effect on January 1, 1863.
President Abraham Lincoln revoked Union General John C. Frémont's military order in 1861 because Frémont declared martial law in Missouri and issued an emancipation proclamation freeing slaves of rebel owners without consulting the President. Lincoln was concerned that Frémont's actions could provoke backlash from border states and potentially alienate supporters of the Union. Ultimately, Lincoln sought to maintain a more measured approach to emancipation and military authority, emphasizing the need for unity and careful political strategy.
The area that was to become the state of Missouri had slaves. Various proposed legislation put restrictions on Missouri with respect to slavery in order for it to become a state. Eventually, the state was allowed to be admitted as a slave state.
John C. Fremont. Fremont had been the first Republican presidential candidate in 1856. He had gained fame as "The Pathfinder" from a book he published detailing his explorations of the west. He was married to Jessie Benton, the daughter of powerful Missouri Senator Thomas Hart Benton. For this reason he had been given command in Missouri, where he issued his proclamation without consultation with the administration in Washington. This was at a time when Lincoln was trying to woo the undecided in the border states, and Lincoln ordered Fremont's proclamation rescinded. Despite an emotional personal visit from Jessie Benton Fremont, Lincoln held firm and Fremont resigned in a huff, no doubt to the considerable relief of Lincoln.
The Emancipation Proclamation was NOT issued as a military order. If it were, it would hold no power in any event, as Lincoln had no authority over the Confederacy when it was issued, as the Confederacy had its' own President. It was a Presidential Proclamation and when issued on 1 January 1863, was more of a "political move" than anything else.
(1862) An order issued by President Abraham Lincoln freeing the slaves in areas rebelling against the Union; took effect January 1, 1863.
An order issued by President Lincoln freeing the slaves in areas rebelling against the Union; it took effect on January 1, 1863.
Executive order issued by Lincoln that freed the slaves.
It is officially named Missouri Executive Order 44, and informally known as the "Mormon Extermination Order". It was issued in 1838 and voided in 1976. You can see a copy of it at the "Related Links" below.
Abraham Lincoln issued a preliminary proclamation on September 22, warning the southern states that if they did not end their rebellion by January 1 of the following year, he would write an order freeing the slaves. None agreed so and on January 1, Lincoln signed the proclamation that freed the slaves.
Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States, is credited with freeing the slaves through the Emancipation Proclamation, which he issued on January 1, 1863. This executive order declared that all enslaved people in Confederate-held territory were to be set free. Lincoln's actions were a pivotal step towards the abolition of slavery, which was ultimately achieved with the ratification of the 13th Amendment in 1865.
The Emancipation Proclamation
By freeing a number of Southern slaves via the Emancipation Proclamation, two Executive Orders issued in 1862 and 1863. On September 22, 1862, Lincoln issued an order under his authority as Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy, in Article II, Section 2, freeing slaves in any Confederate states that failed to rejoin the Union by January 1, 1863. On January 1, he released a second order specifying the ten states affected by the Emancipation Proclamation.For strategic military purposes, African-Americans in certain Southern border states remained in slavery after this date. Emancipation was completed on December 18, 1865, when the United States ratified the Thirteenth Amendment, officially outlawing slavery in all its states and territories.
Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863, primarily as a strategic war measure to weaken the Confederacy during the Civil War. By freeing enslaved people in the rebellious states, he aimed to disrupt the Southern economy and encourage enslaved individuals to escape or join the Union Army. Additionally, the proclamation aligned with the growing moral imperative against slavery, reinforcing the Union's commitment to human rights and setting the stage for the eventual abolition of slavery in the United States.
President Abraham Lincoln revoked Union General John C. Frémont's military order in 1861 because Frémont declared martial law in Missouri and issued an emancipation proclamation freeing slaves of rebel owners without consulting the President. Lincoln was concerned that Frémont's actions could provoke backlash from border states and potentially alienate supporters of the Union. Ultimately, Lincoln sought to maintain a more measured approach to emancipation and military authority, emphasizing the need for unity and careful political strategy.
The four states of the Upper South that had decided to stay loyal - Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, Delaware.
Many white Southerners feared the freeing of African American slaves due to concerns about economic disruption, as the Southern economy relied heavily on slave labor for agriculture, particularly in cotton production. They also worried about potential social upheaval, including violence or retaliation from freed slaves who might seek revenge for their past mistreatment. Additionally, there was a deep-seated belief in white supremacy and the fear that emancipation would challenge their racial hierarchy and social order.