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Syria was turned into a client state of Rome in 63 BC when Pompey the Great wan the Third Mithridatic War (73-63 BC). King Mithridates VI of Pontus (in northwestern Turkey) fought three wars against the Romans. Pompey finally managed to defeat Pontus and its ally, Armenia. Pontus was annexed as a province of the Roman Republic and Armenia was turned into a client state. Civil wars broke out in Syria and Judea. Pompey intervened in both civil wars and turned Syria and Judea into client states. The reason he did this was that he did not want to have political instability in areas near the newly acquired territories nearby (Pontus and Armenia).

In 63 BC Rome had no design for imperial expansion. The reason why she expanded into northeastern Turkey and Armenia was king Mithridates fighting wars against Rome. That is why Armenia, Syria and Judea were turned into client states which remained autonomous, instead of being annexed. Later in history these three areas were annexed as provinces of the Roman Empire.

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