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Alexander inherited his father, Philip II's project to conquer the Persian Empire after Philip was assassinated on the eve of his departure for Asia.

Philip's object was to conquer the Persian Empire after he had established himself as Hegemon (leader) of mainland Greece. With a couple of hundred Greek cities within the Persian Empire, it was a good starting point.

Alexander, on taking over his father's legacy, followed the plan, which was to take over the coastal cities of the Eastern Mediterranean in order to take over the Persian fleet, which was comprised mainly of Egyptian, Phoenician and Asia Minor-Greek ships, and so prevent the Persians attacking Greece in his rear while he was invading Asia.

Having captured these cities, he then moved on to defeating the Persian army. With the Persian army defeated in three major battles, he then spent the next few years capturing the territory and cities of Central Asia. This gave him control of the ex-empire from Libya to the Indus River.

Of course in capturing all this territory spanning about 5,000 km, he took a lot of cities. He also created a lot of cities, (naming many after himself - Alexandria) as a way of introducing Greek culture to his new empire and so hoping to build a stable Hellenised region. His early death prevented its fruition, so we don't know how successful he could have been.

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