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Henry VII had only recently become King of England by defeating Richard III, and was intent on establishing the Tudor Dynasty. Key to this was to win recognition (and therefore legitimacy) from the other royal families on the Continent by arranging a marriage between his oldest son and heir (Arthur) to an eligible princess of a prominent power. In this case, that was Spain. Henry also drove a hard bargain for a substantial dowry to accompany her. Arthur and Catherine were married, but shortly after, Arthur died (popularly attributed to "consumption"). This put the marriage alliance with Spain in jeopardy, but even worse for Henry VII was that it meant that he might have to return the dowry! His solution to both questions was to marry Catherine to his second son, the future Henry VIII. As marriage to the deceased older brother's wife was then considered incestuous, Henry VII successfully petitioned the Pope for dispensation, claiming that, although married to Catherine, Arthur had never consummated the marriage.

Years later, when Henry VIII sought to divorce Catherine, his argument to Rome was that Arthur had indeed consummated the marriage before his death, and that Catherine's subsequent re-marriage to Henry was incestuous, and should be annulled.

M. Krochmal

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15y ago

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