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The Japanese opened their ports to American ships in 1854 because when Commodore Matthew Perry came to Japan in 1853, he brought a letter from the Prime Minister requesting trade, protection for the shipwrecked, and the right to buy coal for passing ships. When he arrived, he brought a lot of military, which was more advanced than Japan's due to their isolation. After he delivered this letter, he left and returned one year later in 1854. When he arrived, he demanded for their answer. The Japanese then signed a treaty that opened two Japanese ports to the Americans. They agreed to this because the second time Commodore Perry arrived, he brought even more military force. Therefore, the Japanese knew that if they started a war, they would lose because of their lack in technology and military strategy. Basically, they were intimidated into signing the treaty.

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