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The Kuomintang (KMT) failed to hold on to power in China due to a combination of military defeats, internal corruption, and loss of popular support. The prolonged civil war with the Communist Party of China, particularly during the late 1940s, weakened the KMT's military and political position. Additionally, widespread corruption within the KMT government eroded public trust, while the Communists effectively mobilized support among peasants by promoting land reforms and social justice. These factors culminated in the KMT's retreat to Taiwan in 1949, marking the end of their rule in mainland China.

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