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Julius Caesar invaded in 55 and 54 BCE to deter and punish the Britons for assisting their kindred people revolting in Gaul. He levied hostages and tribute, establishing client kings to maintain the peace and produce the tribute. Problems arose in this arrangement, with two kings fleeing to Rome for protection. Augustus considered invading to restore the situation but other problems elswhere in the empire took priority, and Augustus decided to establish defensible borders rather than continue expansion of the empire.

By the 40s CE, however, the situation between the petty kings had deteriorated, with the pro-Roman ones threatened, and the tribute not flowing. In 43 CE Claudius dispatched an army to take Britain and establish stable governance over the disputing kingdoms. This ensured access to a stable level of taxation and to the mineral suppies (especially tin). Part of the Pax Romana, and the financing of the Empire.

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15y ago

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