Walls served many functions: they were a defence against opposing armies (though artillery later rendered them militarily obsolete), they kept out wrongdoers at night, they controlled the movement of goods which might be taxed or subject to town regulation, and they defined the town's immediate jurisdiction.
They also look nice, so it's a pity that most have gone.
Depends on how big or how much. Typically rock quarries or cliff walls are the common source of stone.
in medieval towns
Medieval towns did were not designed so much as they developed by happenstance. There were some exceptions, including walled communities, in which the question of what was inside and what was outside the walls became very important. The walls were usually planned either by a local lord, in the case of feudal towns, or by a guild or set of guilds, in the case of medieval communes.
Medieval towns primarily developed in Europe, particularly in regions with favorable trade routes, near rivers, or along coastlines. These towns typically featured a central marketplace, narrow winding streets, and buildings made of timber or stone, often with overhanging upper floors. Towns were often surrounded by walls for protection, and they included essential facilities like churches, guild halls, and workshops, reflecting the social and economic activities of the time. As centers of commerce and craft, they attracted a growing population, leading to vibrant urban life.
Tapestries are a form of artwork, and were used to decorated the walls. Tapestries also made the walls seem warmer in large rooms, where the walls were usually made of stone, because they insulated the people in the stone, which conducts heat rather well and was often very cold in the winter.
that way the town could be protected from invaders
Depends on how big or how much. Typically rock quarries or cliff walls are the common source of stone.
The medieval stonemasons built large structures like Gothic cathedrals, churches, castles, etc. out of stone. Modern stonemasons build stone walls and decorate the outside of floors, walls, etc. with stone.
in medieval towns
Medieval towns did were not designed so much as they developed by happenstance. There were some exceptions, including walled communities, in which the question of what was inside and what was outside the walls became very important. The walls were usually planned either by a local lord, in the case of feudal towns, or by a guild or set of guilds, in the case of medieval communes.
Medieval towns were independent by buying a royal charter.
Medieval towns were crowded because serfs wanted more freedom and moved out of the manor land to towns.
Tapestries are a form of artwork, and were used to decorated the walls. Tapestries also made the walls seem warmer in large rooms, where the walls were usually made of stone, because they insulated the people in the stone, which conducts heat rather well and was often very cold in the winter.
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Some medieval towns transportations were wagons or carriages. Some people just walked.
in a Knights stone house
A castles main defense were it's high stone walls and sometimes a mote, a channel of water