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Martin Luther, originally trained as a lawyer. He was an Augustine monk and Augustine (340-430) had emphasized the primacy of The Bible rather than Church officials as the ultimate religious authority. He also believed that humans could not reach salvation by their own acts, but that only God could bestow salvation by his divine grace. Luther's issue was with the sale of indulgences for people to be saved by good works, the inability of people to access the Bible personally and other questions. The Catholic church used the funds raised by indulgences to finance church needs, which was a political hot potato since even then the Church was incredibly wealthy.. He had other questions for discussion and so he nailed the list up on the church door on October 31, 1517. He was not looking to change the church, but rather to bring up contradictions in logic for discussion. In any case, the rulings of the church came to nought and the Reformation moved on without him. He married and lived a quiet life afterward. He did translate the New Testament into German, making the Bible available for lay readings.

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The Catholic Church is the Mystical Body of Christ and is here to save people and bring them to Our Blessed Lord. The worst punishment that the Church can administer is excommunication which is a totally denial of any sacraments to the person who has thus been punished. Martin Luther was excommunicated, but in his case, unsuccessfully. Excommunication is a punishment that is meant to bring people to their senses and to confession, back to good standing in the Body of Christ. It didn't work with Martin Luther, and he condemned himself, and all those who blindly followed him.

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