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European powers were able to conquer Africa swiftly in the late 19th century because the Slave trade had done so much to undermine the economic growth of Africa, and that which it did not destroy was neutralised. The Slave trade caused political instability and weakened African states. Some estimates of the total population kidnapped from Africa are as high as 200 million, all being the young and able bodied. Whole cities, especially in coastal regions, were emptied as their inhabitants tried to escape slavers by fleeing into the African interior.

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