The Roman arch is said to have been built by Archimedes of Sicily. Roman arches provided the ideal conditions for building beautiful and lofty architectural buildings as against stone bricks.
Why was it
William the Conqueror first built stone keep castles to show that he is not scared of the British
sand and bamboo with some dirt and flowers to make it look pretty and chicken bones (sometimes mistaken as rooster bones) were used, Little pepit was the creator of the bridge. Years later, asian people destroyed it, and threw the bridge at Little pepit house. Little pepit spirit now haunts the asian people, so to be safe, you must wear a cat over your head.
Hadrian's Wall, built under Emperor Hadrian around AD 122, stretches approximately 73 miles across northern England. It features a series of forts, milecastles, and watch towers, showcasing advanced Roman engineering. The wall was primarily constructed from stone and turf and served as a defensive fortification marking the northern boundary of the Roman Empire in Britain. It also facilitated trade and movement, reflecting the strategic and administrative significance of the Roman presence in the region.
The Roman soldiers built forts and fortifications and the stone-paved roads. The reasons why road building was/is beneficial are evident.
The Roman arch is said to have been built by Archimedes of Sicily. Roman arches provided the ideal conditions for building beautiful and lofty architectural buildings as against stone bricks.
they were step pyramids built out of stone
Ancient Roman forts were remarkable feats of the engineers that were part of the legions. They were experts at fortifications and innovations as time progressed. Advanced forts with a good amount of stone walls and towers were formidable bases that enemies had problems overcoming. The entrances of stone forts were always defended by towers, which with some having towers four stories high. It should be said at this point that the Roman fortress bases were primarily a starting point for attacking an enemy. Some unique fortress defenses were constructed with a double entrance. This concealed at times the main gateways, confusing any potential attackers. The fortress towers were built strong enough to handle light artillery weapons such as the scorpion bolt shooters. Ditches built in front of some forts were deep and contained sharpened stakes to destroy part of an attackers forces. The entire system of fortifications surrounding a fort were designed to slow down an attacking force, and thus allow for a counter attack from one of the hidden gateways.
The first stone castle was built in the city of norwich in the 12th century by duke William of Normandy
The first stone castle built in Britain was the Tower of London in 1078 thou castles existed much earlier in Europe but as they sprung up so fast and historical records from this era are not very detailed it is hard to pinpoint the first castle. The stone castle and keep origionated in France but the motte and bailey had been in use much earlier and iron age hill forts are even seen as precursors to that.
raths are forts with earthen banks. Caiseal are forts with stone banks.
The first permanent Roman theater was built by Pompey the Great in 55 BCE. Located in Rome, it was part of a larger complex that included a temple dedicated to Venus Victrix. This theater marked a significant shift from temporary wooden structures used for performances to a permanent stone construction, setting a precedent for future Roman theaters.
Why was it
Normans
The construction of stone castles was a trend started by William the Conqueror in ancient England. He decided to have his castles built from stone as a display of power over the people, and to show his resolve to stay on their lands permanently.
The first stone castles or fortifications, were built in Medieval England while William the Conqueror ruled. They were not built by Africans but by English peasants.