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Expansion of European rule and power was a significant interest in the Age of Discovery. They mostly explored the New World in search of passages that were said to lead to Asia and the East Indies, its products, and some simply to find adventure. :)
The thought about how the world is sparked the European interest.... Their interest then grew. Next thing you know it, They are famous Explorers like Marco Polo and Christerphor Columbus. :)
The European Colonialists tried to exploit China as much as they could. They coveted goods such as silk and tea, among other items. They had an interest in the poppy seed and its use to make opium products. The opium could have medicinal uses as heroin, for example. Chinese porcelain was also valued by Great Britain and other European countries.
Generally speaking, only financially strong nations can afford to have an extensive empire of colonies. France and England were economically devastated by WW 2. This prevented them from taking an interest in their colonies, and the total disruption of world affairs seemed to help many colonies like India break free from European domination.
During the middle ages. Europeans had done little exploring beyond their own shores.Except for the Holy land, they they had very little knowledge of. or interest in, other lands. During the Reinassance , however, Europeans became curious about the world around them. This lead to an interest in science and technology. It also led to the age of Exploration. Hope i helped..