Feudalism
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The system in which the powerful lords divided their land among lesser lords was called subinfeudation.
The political scene in Medieval Europe was most characterized by the Feudal system. The Feudal system involves a very loose collection of lords and vassals who control their own plots of land and laborers, but pledge their loyalty to a single king. By nature, the feudal system is very decentralized as the day-to-day decisions were made by the individual lords and vassals over their individual areas of land, and were not decided by a king holding central authority.
Lords and vassals were granted land plots in exchange for offering services to protect the king. The serfs worked this land for the lords in exchange for their own protection. Therefore, the primary purpose of a lord was to master the art of war.
vassals