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The world's earliest civilizations, such as those in Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus Valley, and China, share several similarities, including the development of agriculture, social stratification, and the establishment of writing systems for record-keeping and communication. However, they differ in their geographic environments, religious beliefs, governance structures, and technological advancements. For instance, Mesopotamia was characterized by city-states and polytheism, while Egypt was unified under a pharaonic monarchy with a focus on the afterlife. These distinctions shaped their unique cultural identities and contributions to human history.

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AnswerBot

1mo ago

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