The Chinese had a complex view of Europeans, often seeing them as culturally inferior and arrogant. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, China was largely self-sufficient and viewed itself as the center of civilization, leading to a sense of superiority over foreign powers. However, interactions, particularly through trade and missionary activities, also led to curiosity about European technology and ideas. By the 19th century, as European powers began to exert more influence in China, perceptions shifted to one of resentment and resistance against Imperialism.
the portuguese
Gun-powder
It depends what time period. During the time of First Century BC, China influenced Europeans with new inventions. (Compass, fireworks) etc. But during the latest centuries, Europeans influenced the chinese with military stuff. (Aircraft etc.)
We don’t know what the secret you ask about is, so you need to tell us the subject.
The compass bro! Made by the chinese then was traded off to england from arabic countries.
The Chinese thought that the Europeans were barbarians who were worst than the Manchurians and the Mongolians who were also barbarians in the eyes of the Chinese. Europeans had to bow down to the Chinese when they wanted to trade with the Chinese. The Chinese however did not abuse their power on the Europeans because the Chinese saw themselves as the "Middle Kingdom" and believed that all other nations and people in the world will eventually adopt the Chinese ways. The Chinese don't shove their culture down other people's throats. I would say that the Chinese thinking was arrogance and vanity at its best.Source: Prelude to Opium War Qing DynastyThe Chinese thought that the Europeans were barbarians
the portuguese
The Chinese thought the Europeans were "barbarians" due to their different customs, language, and appearance. Europeans were initially seen as uncivilized outsiders by the Chinese.
They didn't the Europeans attacked the Chinese The Chinese were rallied and attacked by the Europeans in 1861.
Europeans and Americans both wanted Chinese silk. They also craved their expensive tea.
they, didn't the Chinese did.
The Ming Chinese believed that all Europeans were smugglers because many of the early European merchants engaged in illegal smuggling activities to evade Chinese trade regulations and restrictions. This behavior led to a negative perception of all Europeans among the Ming Chinese authorities.
GUNS
lead war?
guns
lead war?
lead war?