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Chauth and Sardeshmukhi are traditional forms of taxation historically practiced in parts of India, particularly in regions like Maharashtra. Chauth, typically set at 25% of the revenue, was a form of tribute paid to a sovereign by local rulers or landlords in exchange for protection. Sardeshmukhi, often an additional 10% tax, was levied on agricultural produce and other revenue. These taxes were significant in the context of feudal relations and the consolidation of power by regional kings and empires.

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