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Objective of National Informatics Centre(NIC)
The long-term objective of the National Informatics Centre, as approved by
the Planning Commission, Ministry of Finance and the earstwhile Electronics
Commission, had been to establish the feasibility of a system for the provision
of detailed information to government ministries and agencies to assist them in
making decisions relating to the country's economic and social development,
planning and programme implementation. NIC was set up with the forementioned
objective to promote economic, social, scientific and technological
activities, and also for macro-economic adjustment programme of the
Government, through the applications of Information Technology(I.T.).
Mandate of NIC
NIC was set up in 1975-76 with the following mandate.
?? provide informatics services to various user agencies in Government
?? play a promotional role in creating appropriate decision-support information
systems in Government
?? act as a focal point for developing, managing and operating information
system in Government
?? act as a focal point for development of methodologies for designing and
implementing national information systems and data management techniques
?? act as a focal point for maintaining inventories of primary da ta and computerbased
systems for data collection and dissemination
?? train users in information systems, data management and computing
Techniques
Creation of the National Informatics Centre
The Electronics Commission(earstwhile) and the Department of
Electronics(now Department of Inforation Technology) put forward a
proposal to UNDP for assistance to set up a National Computer Centre in
Delhi for building up national data bases, developing the methodologies for
utilising these, and for defining the various options and paths in decisionmaking
at the national level. A UNDP team visited Delhi in March 1975 to
study the proposal. The UNDP agreed to fund the National Informatics Centre
to the extent of US $4.4 million for the procurement of a large computer
system (costing approximately US $3.3 million), other hardware, training, the
services of experts, etc.
In view of this, actions were taken to proceed with the preliminary
wor k relating to the setting-up of National Informatics Centre so that when
UNDP financial assistance becomes available and the major hardware
commissioned, the Centre can get on with its work on an expeditious basis.
NIC was a plan project administered and implemented by the Information,
Planning and Analysis Group (IPAG) of the earstwhile Electronics
Commission in its initial stages.
Evolution of NIC
Starting as a small programme under an external stimulus by an UNDP project
in early 1970s, NIC started functioning in 1977 and since then it has grown
incrementally and later exponentially as one of India's major S&T
Organisations promoting Informatics-led Development, which has helped to
usher in the required transformation to cope with the trends in the new
millennium.
In 1984-85, the Government decided to extend the NIC services to
State Governments, Union Territory Administrations and District
Administrations in the country. It signed Memorandum of Understanding
with the State Governments/Union Terriotry Adminstrations. For planning
and introduction of computerization, NIC State Coordination Committees and
NIC District Coordination Committees were set up.
A satellite based computer communication network called NICNET was set up
in C-Band and using CDMA technology. Computer and VSAT infrastructure
was set up in al the State Governemnt/UT Administrations Secretariats and
District Administrations. NICNET enabled exchange of information among
Central Governments, State Governments/Union Territory Adminsitrations
and District Administrations. During the year 1996-97, NIC intrduced Kuband
based VSAT technology. In the ensuing years, it replaced CDMA
technology VSAT with FTDMA and IPA technology VSATs to provide high
speed exchange of information on NICNET and internet services.
NIC has played an important role of an activecatalyst and facilitator in
informatics development programme in Governments at the national, states,
district & sub-district levels, during the last 27 years which enabled
Governmental-agencies to take policy decisions to create knowledge societies
- societies that can exploit knowledge to derive competitive advantage using
the opportunities provided by digital technology. NIC has been instrumental in
out into India i.e. by implementing IT applications in various sectors of Indian
economy.
The Organisational Profile
The organizational set up of NIC encompasses its Headquarters at New Delhi,
State Units in all the 28 State capitals and 7 Union Territory Headquarters and
District Centres in almost all the Districts of India. In North-Eastern states
and in Jammu & Kashmir, I.T. infrastructure has been strengthened by way of
setting up of Community Information Centres(CICs) at sub-distirct/block
levels. The Organization employs a large pool of efficient technical
manpower.
There are a number of Application Divisions which provide total Informatics
Support to the Ministries and Departments of the Central Government. NIC
computer cells are located in almost all the Ministry Bhawans of the Central
Government and Apex Offices including the Prime Minister's Office, the
Rashtrapati Bhawan and the Parliament House. Apart from this, NIC has
various Resource and Infrastructure Divisions at the Headquarters which
specialize into different areas of IT and facilitate the Application Divisions as
well as other NIC Centres in providing state-of-the-art services to the
Government agencies including Public Sector Government Undertakings.
What else can I help you with?
What does NICNET mean?
Nicnet is one of the largest vsat network.
Which is the prime communication network of government of India?
prime communication networks of the Government of India are - 1. National Informatics Centre (NIC). It is an important Public Sector Organization which provides informatic services for decision support to different government offices at the national, state, district and block levels. Through (information and Communication Technology network known as 'NICNET', NIC facilitates informatics services in the field of decentralised planning, improvement in government services and wider transparency of national and local governments. Apart from this, NIC provides support for video conferencing to various states and ministries. 2. Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (B.S.N.L.) came into being on October 1, 2000 when the Department of Telecom Services and Department of Telecom Operations were amalgamated together to form a corporation. Today, with a workforce of about 3·5 lakh, BSNL is one of the largest public sector undertakings in the country. Out of six lakh villages in the country, more than five lakh have been provided with telephone facilities. BSNL also started the Cellular Service under the brand of 'Cell One' in October, 2002 and within a period of nine months i.e. by June, 2002, its subscriber base touched 3·5 million and it touched about 1,100 cities across the country.
What are the advantages of alternative communication systems?
ALTERNATIVE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS DURING DISASTERS PSTN or the public switched telephone network is the prime network responsible for transmitting and receiving voice, fax and data. All government and private offices, police stations, fire stations, hospitals and majority of homes and business places are serviced by the PSTN line. . Amateur Radio operation does not use ground based infrastructure. Moreover these have limited power needs which can easily be met by batteries and generations. Therefore, it has been experienced that Amateur Radio has worked successfully when no other communication worked. A radio wave is an electromagnetic wave propagated by an antenna. The floods in 2004 in Assam and Bihar submerged telephone exchanges and damaged telephone exchanges thereby disrupting roads and railways communication. This is the reason why the district headquarters got totally out off from the state headquarters and neighbouring districts. A major natural disaster or emergency situation like earthquake, cyclone, flood, etc., leaves the public wired and wireless mobile telephone infrastructure damaged and non-functional. This is a transmission towers or disrupted power supply to operate telephone exchanges and cellular transmission towers also affect the radio communication network of police and civil authorities. Satellite based communication systems refer to communication systems designed for users on the earth but have some equipment in space called a satellite. Various jobs such as taking weather pictures or finding accurate positions are amongst the different job performed by different satellites. These are sometimes refered to as COSMAT's and are essentially radio relay stations in space. Geo-stationary orbit satellites are stationed above the earth at a position around 36000 kms above the equator. The images of weather forecasts and cyclone observations that we see on our television are made with the help of images from weather satellites. A major disaster (flood, earthquake, etc.) or emergency situation affects telephone exchanges and communication networks thereby disconnecting the affected areas from other parts of the world. In such situations, the urgent needs of disaster affected population are not communicated to government authorities, voluntary organizations and other unaffected people. This result in severe loss of human lives, livestock, property etc. This situation calls for reliable alternate communication links, to ensure that the right resources are provided to the right people at the right time. Asynchronous Orbit Satellites - These satellites are positioned in the lowerorbits around the earth. These continuously change their position with respect to the earth. The different kinds of asynchronous orbit satellites are : a) Science satellites: These orbit in altitudes of 4800 to 9700 kms. These send their research data to earth via radio telemetry signals. b) Observation Satellites: These are used for tasks like search and rescue satellites, photography. These act as relay stations to rebroadcast emergency radio-beacon signals from a downed aircraft or ship in trouble. These orbit at altitudes from 480 to 970 kms. c) Global Positioning System Satellites: Orbiting at altitudes of 9600 to 19200 kms, these are used to determine in terms of latitude ad longitude to determine the exact geographic location. The two prime communication networks of government of India are NIC and BSNL. Following are the functions of them: NIC or the National Information Centre, an organization of the Government of India is a premier science and technology organization of the Government of India is a premier science and technology organization in the field of informatics services and information technology applications. To facilitate information and communication applications in government departments at central, state and districts, it has established a nationwide ICT network i.e. NICNET. The Government has designated NICNET as the Government Network. It has gateway modes in Central Government Departments, 35 state and union territories secretariats and 602 district collect orates of India for IT services. BSNL : The Department of Telephone Operations, Government of India was incorporated on 1st October, 2000 and was named Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited. BSNL is today the largest public sector undertaking in India with a network of over 45 million lines, covering 5000 towns with over 35 million telephone connections, it has become the country's leading telecommunication company expansion of telecom network, improvement of the quality of telecom in rural areas are some of its major responsibilities.
Alternative communication system during disasters in India?
ALTERNATIVE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS DURING DISASTERS PSTN or the public switched telephone network is the prime network responsible for transmitting and receiving voice, fax and data. All government and private offices, police stations, fire stations, hospitals and majority of homes and business places are serviced by the PSTN line. . Amateur Radio operation does not use ground based infrastructure. Moreover these have limited power needs which can easily be met by batteries and generations. Therefore, it has been experienced that Amateur Radio has worked successfully when no other communication worked. A radio wave is an electromagnetic wave propagated by an antenna. The floods in 2004 in Assam and Bihar submerged telephone exchanges and damaged telephone exchanges thereby disrupting roads and railways communication. This is the reason why the district headquarters got totally out off from the state headquarters and neighbouring districts. A major natural disaster or emergency situation like earthquake, cyclone, flood, etc., leaves the public wired and wireless mobile telephone infrastructure damaged and non-functional. This is a transmission towers or disrupted power supply to operate telephone exchanges and cellular transmission towers also affect the radio communication network of police and civil authorities. Satellite based communication systems refer to communication systems designed for users on the earth but have some equipment in space called a satellite. Various jobs such as taking weather pictures or finding accurate positions are amongst the different job performed by different satellites. These are sometimes refered to as COSMAT's and are essentially radio relay stations in space. Geo-stationary orbit satellites are stationed above the earth at a position around 36000 kms above the equator. The images of weather forecasts and cyclone observations that we see on our television are made with the help of images from weather satellites. A major disaster (flood, earthquake, etc.) or emergency situation affects telephone exchanges and communication networks thereby disconnecting the affected areas from other parts of the world. In such situations, the urgent needs of disaster affected population are not communicated to government authorities, voluntary organizations and other unaffected people. This result in severe loss of human lives, livestock, property etc. This situation calls for reliable alternate communication links, to ensure that the right resources are provided to the right people at the right time. Asynchronous Orbit Satellites - These satellites are positioned in the lowerorbits around the earth. These continuously change their position with respect to the earth. The different kinds of asynchronous orbit satellites are : a) Science satellites: These orbit in altitudes of 4800 to 9700 kms. These send their research data to earth via radio telemetry signals. b) Observation Satellites: These are used for tasks like search and rescue satellites, photography. These act as relay stations to rebroadcast emergency radio-beacon signals from a downed aircraft or ship in trouble. These orbit at altitudes from 480 to 970 kms. c) Global Positioning System Satellites: Orbiting at altitudes of 9600 to 19200 kms, these are used to determine in terms of latitude ad longitude to determine the exact geographic location. The two prime communication networks of government of India are NIC and BSNL. Following are the functions of them: NIC or the National Information Centre, an organization of the Government of India is a premier science and technology organization of the Government of India is a premier science and technology organization in the field of informatics services and information technology applications. To facilitate information and communication applications in government departments at central, state and districts, it has established a nationwide ICT network i.e. NICNET. The Government has designated NICNET as the Government Network. It has gateway modes in Central Government Departments, 35 state and union territories secretariats and 602 district collect orates of India for IT services. BSNL : The Department of Telephone Operations, Government of India was incorporated on 1st October, 2000 and was named Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited. BSNL is today the largest public sector undertaking in India with a network of over 45 million lines, covering 5000 towns with over 35 million telephone connections, it has become the country's leading telecommunication company expansion of telecom network, improvement of the quality of telecom in rural areas are some of its major responsibilities.
