The length of a quarter wave for constructing one end of a dipole is:
234/MHz = feet of wire.
For instance if you have an 80 meter ham radio transceiver and want to construct a dipole to match a frequency of 3.56 MHz (the low power calling frequency) then
234/3.56 = 65.7 feet
Next buy a spool of speaker wire, mark off 65 and 3/4 feet, and pull apart the two wires until you reach the mark. Now you have a half wavelength dipole that resonates near 3.56 MHz.
Start broadcasting in Morse Code and I will meet you on the air!
Sandy, KB3EOF
effective height of half wave dipole antenna
A full-wave loop antenna can be interchanged with a folded dipole without much difference. The input impedance is similar and the only difference is in the directivity: a full wave loop radiates along the axis of the loop, while a vertical folded dipole is omnidirectional.
The radiation resistance of quarter wave monopole is 36.5 ohms
The radiation resistance of a quarter-wave monopole antenna is typically around 36.6 ohms. This value is derived from the antenna's design and dimensions, and it represents the resistance the antenna presents to the flow of radiofrequency electromagnetic waves. It is an important parameter for matching the antenna to the transmission line and maximizing power transfer efficiency.
Its resonant frequency is where its length is half a wavelength, so for 100 MHz the wavelength is 3 metres and a 1.5-metre long dipole is resonant. A dipole antenna can be used for many applications within a band of 10-20% around the resonant frequency.
A short dipole has lon the other hand, A half-wave dipole doesn't strictly satisfy our criterion l for being "short.Eng: Ibrahim Mawdhah, yemenمهندس : ابراهيم معوضه
The concept is, greater the frequency less will be the size of antenna and weight. For example the Mobile Phone uses the half wave dipoles antenna. There is no exact formula for calculating these antennas. The problem is that there are several factors that affect the antenna. Fortunately there is a starting formula for these types of antennas. For center fed, wire dipole antennas, the formula is length of antenna = 468/freq (MHz). Mobile phone in GSM working on the frequencies 900 MHz and 1800 MHz so put the values in the formula you get your answer. If you move further in the frequency band the size will be more small.
In open space, infinitely far from material objects, the radiation pattern of a half-wave dipole is a torus (donut), with the radiator (wire) passing straight through the center of the hole. The field strength is maximum in all directions perpendicular to the wire, and zero in the directions off the ends of the wire. The peak field strength is +2.2 dB relative to isotropic.
The half-wave dipole antenna has several disadvantages, including its limited bandwidth, which can restrict its effectiveness across a range of frequencies. Additionally, it has a relatively low gain compared to other types of antennas, making it less effective for long-distance communication. The dipole's radiation pattern can also lead to blind spots, limiting its directional capabilities. Lastly, it requires a specific length to function optimally, which may not be practical in all installation scenarios.
end-fire antenna = surface-wave antenna
The radiation resistance of a half-wave folded dipole is typically around 300 ohms. This value is higher compared to a regular half-wave dipole due to the increased current distribution along the folded elements.
Horn Antenna is best exited by waveguide