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Genetic changes that correlate with the pine-oil disinfectant-reduced susceptibility mechanism of Staphylococcus aureus. Lamichhane-Khadka R, Riordan JT, Delgado A, Muthaiyan A, Reynolds TD, Wilkinson BJ, Gustafson JE.
SourceDepartment of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001, USA. AbstractAIMS:To identify factors associated with the Staphylococcus aureus pine-oil disinfectant-reduced-susceptibility (PD(RS)) mechanism and to describe one possible PD(RS) model.
METHODS AND RESULTS:Comparative genomic sequencing (CGS) and microarray analysis were utilized to detect mutations and transcriptome alterations that occur in a S. aureus PD(RS) mutant. Mutant analysis, antimicrobial gradient plates, growth studies and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase assays were then performed to confirm the biological consequences of the 'omics' alterations detected in a PD(RS) mutant. CGS uncovered three mutations in a PD(RS) mutant in a(n): alcohol dehydrogenase (adh), catabolite control protein A (ccpA) and an NADPH-flavin oxidoreductase (frp). These mutations lead to increased growth rates; increased transcription of an NAD-dependent D-lactate dehydrogenase gene (ddh); and increased flux through the mevalonate pathway. PD(RS) mutants demonstrated reduced susceptibility to bacitracin and farnesol, and one PD(RS) mutant displayed upregulation of bacA, a bacitracin-resistance gene. Collectively, this evidence demonstrates altered undecaprenol metabolism in PD(RS) mutants.
CONCLUSIONS:The PD(RS) mechanism proposed results from increased catabolic capabilities and increased flux through the mevalonate pathway as well as altered bactoprenol physiology.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY:A novel mechanism that bacteria utilize to overcome the killing effects of PD formulations is proposed that is unique from the PD(RS) mechanism of the enterobacteraciae.
What else can I help you with?
How does pine-sol kill bacter?
Pine-Sol contains surfactants and a powerful cleaning agent called pine oil that can break down the cell walls of bacteria, leading to their destruction. The ingredients in Pine-Sol disrupt the bacterial cell membranes, causing them to burst and die.
What is the differences between pine nut oil and olive oil?
Pine nut oil is pressed from pine nuts; olive oil is pressed from olives. Pine nut oil is much more expensive than olive oil. Olive oil is used in many foods, from salads and pasta to breads and other baked goods, while pine nut oil is used in a few specialty recipes.
How can I make pine oil for candles at home?
To make pine oil for candles at home, you can start by collecting fresh pine needles. Next, crush the pine needles to release their oils. Then, mix the crushed pine needles with a carrier oil, such as olive oil or coconut oil, and let it sit for a few days to infuse. Finally, strain out the pine needles and use the infused oil in your candle-making process.
Why is pine oil used in pine sol?
we priduce pine oil,our company is glorychem co.,ltd in China. rh@ronghuachem.com
Some oils that stimulate?
An essential oil carries a distinctive scent of the plant from which it was extracted. Rosemary oil stimulates hair growth and is considered a strengthening tonic, while pine oil has stimulating effects on the adrenal cortex.
Is it available for pine nut oil available in Dubai?
which store available extra virgin pine nut oil in Dubai
Is Pine Sol a solvent?
Pine-Sol originally contained pine oil, though it is now a mixture of everything but.
Would a pine wood float in oil?
Yes, pine wood is less dense than oil, so it would float on top of oil due to its buoyancy. Oil is less dense than water, so pine wood would also float on water.
What is the chemical formula of pine oil?
8-10% pine oil, alkyl alcohol ethoxylates, sodium petroleum sulfonate and isopropanol. I'm not sure of the elemental abbreviation of pine oil... Po? I'd just say it's 2LeMOnY 2BtRuE!
What are the effects of hash oil?
Effects of hash oil
Where is the Caddo Pine Island Oil Historical Society in Oil City Louisiana located?
The address of the Caddo Pine Island Oil Historical Society is: Po Box 897, Oil City, LA 71061
What are the benefits of using the original Pine-Sol with pine oil for cleaning purposes?
The original Pine-Sol with pine oil offers benefits such as strong cleaning power, pleasant scent, and natural disinfectant properties. The pine oil helps to cut through grease and grime effectively, leaving surfaces clean and fresh. Additionally, the natural pine oil has antimicrobial properties that can help kill germs and bacteria, making it a good choice for cleaning and disinfecting various surfaces in your home.
