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It's been the custom in the nations descended from England for that to be the case in criminal matters since 1215. Though one may choose a bench trial where only the Judge decides.

And there are various matters nowadays that while not classified as "criminal" sure have big penalties, and those aren't jury trials. I refer to tax courts, or local councils enforcing building and zoning codes or a variety of business regulatory agencies. In some instances DV courts, if your livelihood depends on firearm use.

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15y ago

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