Article 1,Section 8,Clause 9 gives congress the enumerated power to Establish Tribunals. Thus giving them the power to establish our country's courts.
Yes.
First of all I am almost sure the Supreme Court does not establish courts but I know Congress has the power to establish courts and I believe the president may have that executive power also.
Supreme court
inherent power
the power to tax,spend,borrow,establish courts,and maintain public schools
establish courts.
Article Three, Section 1 defines the power to establish courts:"Section 1. The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behavior, and shall, at stated Times, receive for their Services a Compensation which shall not be diminished during their Continuance in Office."Article One, Section 8, Clause 1 defines the power to collect taxes from citizens:"The Congress shall have Power to lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States."
Congress has power over the courts because it makes the laws which it must use to try a case. If the court finds the law unconstitutional, they can overturn it.
I believed they are shared between state and local governments
Yes. Judicial power is the power of the courts or judges.
collect taxes, establish a military, form courts, or make the states obey the laws