yes
If you are a resident of Virginia, and not prohibited from owning a gun, you may buy a gun from any other resident of Virginia. This applies in MOST states. If you are not a resident of Virginia, then you may buy a rifle or shotgun from a Virginia dealer, but not a private citizen. This is addressed in Federal law- US Code 18.922
No, you do not need a gun license to buy magazines.
No
yes it can.
No
No.
no
No.
No
Yes, you do not need a gun license to buy a clip, but you may need one to legally possess and use it depending on local laws.
To buy, ou have to be 18 for long guns and 21 for hand guns.