The clause in Section 1 of the Fourteenth Amendment that was made ineffective is the "equal protection clause" as it pertains to the enforcement of its provisions against private individuals. In the Supreme Court case Civil Rights Cases (1883), the Court ruled that the federal government could not prohibit private acts of racial discrimination, thereby limiting the scope of the equal protection clause and its application primarily to state actions rather than private conduct. This decision significantly weakened the amendment's intended protections against discrimination.
The privileges and immunities clause
The due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment is used by the courts to apply the Bill of Rights to the states.
The due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment is used by the courts to apply the Bill of Rights to the states.
The privileges and immunities clause
the enforcement clause
due process
the citizenship clause
Miranda v. Arizona, (1966) didn't affect the Fourteenth Amendment; the Fourteenth Amendment allowed the US Supreme Court's decision to be applied to the states via the Due Process Clause.
The fourteenth amendment enforces federal law toward the states.
the citizenship clause
the citizenship clause
the citizenship clause