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I hope this answers your question. From "Wikipedia": " The United States Constitution vests all legislative power in the Congress. The House and Senate are equal partners in the legislative process (legislation cannot be enacted without the consent of both chambers); however, the Constitution grants each chamber some unique powers. The Senate is empowered to approve treaties and Presidential appointments. The Constitution evolved to give powers to the federal government, such as regulating interstate commerce, managing foreign affairs and the military, and establishing a national currency. Congress has authorityover financial and budgetary matters, through the enumerated power to "lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States. " The U.S. Constitution is based on "federalism:" a national government with jurisdiction over matters that crossed boundaries, like interstate commerce and foreign affairs, with all other powers reserved to the states. Through the 1800s, Americans usually looked to cities, counties, and states to fulfill most government responsibilities. However, by the 20th century, easier transportation and communications had created a climate of opinion favorable to the federal government establishing a strong investigative tradition. The following statutes are relevant to your question: The United States Code(U.S.C.) is a compilation and codification of the general and permanent federal law of the United States. In this publication you willl find the source of authority for federal law enforcement agencies. Following are some examples.. The Attorney General of the United States is the "Chief Law Enforcement Officer of the United States and derives his authority from Title 28, Chapter 31. United States Attorneys from each district derive their investigative authorities from Title 28, Chapter 35. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) from Title 28, Chapter 33. The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) Title 21, Chapter 13, Section 878. The United States Marshals Service (USMS) from Title 28, Chapter 37.

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