US district courts have trial jurisdiction (aka original jurisdiction) over federal court cases.
Federal District Courts have jurisdiction over all federal cases occurring/originating within their circuit. US Courts of Appeal have jurisdiction over all cases referred to them from the District Courts within their circuit.
Federal trial courts almost always have original jurisdiction in the federal system.
original jurisdiction
US District Courts have original jurisdiction in most cases of general jurisdiction; however the US Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in a limited class of cases, such as those involving disputes between the states.
Federal district courts have jurisdiction over trials. Federal appeals courts have jurisdiction over appeals from the federal district courts.
US District Courts have original jurisdiction in most cases of general jurisdiction; however the US Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in a limited class of cases, such as those involving disputes between the states.
United States District CourtsThe country is divided into many federal judicial "districts" each with its own US District Court and panel of judges. Any cases emanating from lower courts within the district would begin with that particular "District Court" and then, if necessary, proceed to the US Court of Appeals for [x] Circuit (whatever Circuit the particularly District Court happens to be in). The court with "original jurisdiction" is a trial court, the entry point into the judiciary. For cases of general jurisdiction, the United States District Courts have original jurisdiction over most cases. There are also "special" or "limited subject matter" jurisdiction courts, such as US Tax Court and US Bankruptcy Court that fall under the District Court umbrella (there are many limited subject matter courts that are not part of the District Court system, but these probably hear fewer cases each year). The US Supreme Court also hears a limited number of cases under original jurisdiction, mostly disputes between the states.
US District Courts have original (trial) jurisdiction over the majority of cases heard in the federal court system.US Special Courts, such as US Tax Court, US Bankruptcy Court, and the US Court of Federal Claims, also hear a large number of cases.
The court that has original jurisdiction for mail fraud is typically a federal district court. Mail fraud is a federal offense, so cases are generally prosecuted in U.S. District Courts, which handle violations of federal law. Depending on the specifics of the case, it may also be heard in state courts if state laws apply, but federal jurisdiction is primary for mail fraud cases.
A court of appeals hears no original cases, it only reviews decisions made by lower courts. A US district court hears original cases, that are in the federal jurisdiction.
The US District Courts hear approximately 80% of new federal cases; the US Court of International Trade and US Special Courts hear the remainder of the cases under original jurisdiction.
Most federal cases begin in the district courts.