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The U.S. government is a Federalist Republic government, a very strong central government derived from a federation of individual states that have yielded a great deal of their power to the central government. A Federalist government is largely led by an elite group of political professionals; although nominally responsible to the states and voters that they represent, in reality they form a distinct ruling class.

The form of government in the U.S.A. has been an issue of argument ever since the signing of the Constitution. The first two political parties in the U.S. were formed to identify the two sets of political opponents regarding the form of government.

The Federalist Party, led most notably by Alexander Hamilton and John Adams, favored a strong central government guided by well-educated professionals and with economic policies favorable to bankers, industrialists, merchants and other monied interests, along with a flexible interpretation of the Constitution.

The Jeffersonian* Party, led most notably by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison (and later James Monroe), favored stronger State's Rights and a weaker central government (even to the extent of opposing a standing U.S. army), strict interpretation of the Constitution, and the interests of farmers and the rural economy as far more important than the welfare of the urban commercial interests.

Both of today's major U.S. political parties (Democratic and Republican) can trace their ancestry to the Jeffersonian Party, but our form of government is distinctly Federalist. That would suggest that big money drives human nature more effectively than fundamental principles do.

[* -- There is a tangle of alternative names for the factions of the loosely contructed Jeffersonian coalition. The Jeffersonians were variously called "Democratic", "Republican", and by their opponents "Democratic-Republican". Later there were "Old Republicans" who became "Jacksonian Democrats", the forerunner of today's Democratic Party; and "National Republicans" who later became the "Whigs", the forerunner of today's Republican Party.]

[[A Civil War political quirk -- Both the Lincolnian Republican Party which governed the Union and the Calhounian State's Righters which became the Confederacy were closely related offspring of the old "National Republican" party. During the Civil War, the Union became more Federalist and the Confederacy became more Jeffersonian.]]
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