There are many reasons why someone would leave their current employer such as discrimination. Others leave because they do not get paid enough.
No. That is discrimination in the US and most of Europe.
An employer can hire or not hire based on almost any criteria they choose, as long as it does not violate any discrimination law.
No, because they would be sued for discrimination and violation of labor laws.
It's not unusual for an employer to expect more out of employees who make more money than others. The treatment would have to be blatantly unreasonable and unfair for there to be a discrimination case.
It is illegal for an employer to not hire someone solely because they do not speak English, as this could be considered discrimination based on national origin.
Under the Pregnancy Discrimination Act (PDA), it is considered unlawful for an employer to refuse to hire a pregnant woman because of her pregnancy, because of a pregnancy-related condition, or because of the prejudices of co-workers, clients, or customers. During job interviews, it can be considered as discriminatory if the employer requires an applicant to not be pregnant or asks that question, unless such requirement is a Bona Fide Occupational Qualification.
Yes it can be if it is used to discriminate against the person. An example would be a blond applying for a job and the employer doesn't hire her because he thinks blonds are dumb. This is stereotyping that has become discrimination. This often happens to people in several ways due to age, disability,race, and religion. With all of these things goes a stereotype. When discrimination happens because of these things it is against the civil rights act so it is illegal.
That depends. Feeling harassed or discriminated against due to age is subjective and varies by individual. The best an employer can due is ask the question under reasonable circumstances, which would be a defense against a discrimination complaint. If the employee is approaching what most people consider retirement age, or if the employee has worked for the number of years to qualify for full retirement benefits, then it would be reasonable for an employer to inquire about the employee's retirement plans because the employer will need to plan for replacing the retiring employee.
Almost all non-government employers smaller than 20 employees CAN do so, since they are exempt from the Age Discrimination Act.
If I interview you and make the determination not to hire you because you are too old, this would be discrimination. Some discrimination is good and needed. The discrimination on age for Bar Tenders is an example. You can't hire a 16 year old because they should not be required to make some of the needed decisions that are required in that position. Other situations are more questionable. Pilots cannot fly passenger aircraft afte a certain age. What that age is may be lower then what should be an issue.
Not currently, because Title VII is a federal statute and same-sex marriage does not exist under federal law. Discrimination charges can be brought on the state level in states where sexual orientation discrimination is illegal and same-sex marriage is legally recognized as marriage. However, Title VII cannot currently be applied to sexual orientation discrimination.