The Executive Branch of government, which includes the president and vice president, are described in Article II (2) of the U.S Constitution.
At one time early in United States history, the President and vice-President were elected seperately. The Constitution was later changed to have the President and vice-President run as a pair.
The Constitution states that the vice-president shall serve as president of the US Senate. The vice-president has no vote in Senate matters unless there is a tie vote, in which case, the vice-president casts the deciding vote. See Article I, Section 3, Clause 4 of the US Constitution.
No, the President's Oath is written in the Constitution. The Vice President's Oath is the same oath that members of Congress take and was not written in the Constitution, but the Constitution does require that the VP be bound by an Oath.
The 25th Amendment of the Constitution of the United States prescribes when and how the vice president becomes the Acting President.
Yes, the constitution provides for the Vice President to take over when the president is sick, dead, or impeached.
Asif Ali Zardari is the President of Pakistan today, and Pakistan's constitution does not allow for a vice President.
Constitution
The electoral college
President of the Senate (Vice President)
Constitution
In case the removal of the president from office by his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become president.
The process of choosing President and Vice-President is in the Twelfth Amendment now. However as far as "in the Constitution" goes, the process is found in Article II.