It is a portion of the copyright law, section 107 in the US, which allows certain unlicensed uses of protected materials for research, study, and education.
Copyright can help the creator of a work protect it from exploitation from other parties; formal registration is useful to help assert ownership if there is some question.
No, you do not need to display a copyright notice on your work to protect it in Australia. Copyright protection is automatic upon the creation of an original work, provided it is fixed in a tangible medium. However, including a copyright notice can serve as a useful reminder of ownership and may deter infringement, but it is not a legal requirement for protection.
A trademark would only be useful if you were using it as a logo, i.e., a mark used in trade.
The purpose of copyright is "to promote the progress of science and the useful arts."
A copyright is a legal claim to the right to copy (reproduce and publish) a work. A statement of copyright is a statement of the author's or creator's intent to be protected under international copyright law. To qualify for copyright protection, a work must be original, and the copyright is for a set period of time, the lifetime of the author plus 70 years. If the author used another name on the work (pen name, stage name ect.) then the work is protected for 95 years from the date it was published or 120 years from the date it was created.Under the Berne Convention, to which the U.S. subscribes, copyright of a work is automatic and does not require a special formal statement. However, the copyright notice can be useful in a legal action.See Related Link for some more information about copyright.
"to promote the advancement of science and the useful arts."
"To promote the advancement of science and the useful arts."
"to promote the advancement of science and the useful arts."
No. You could copyright a drawing or photograph of the logo but the logo itself would have to be protected as a trademark.
To copyright a document, you can simply create the work and it is automatically protected under copyright law. However, for added protection, you can register your copyright with the U.S. Copyright Office by submitting an application and a copy of your work.
a webcam will be useful to students by having a connection with students who left the school. to do a group work at school.
"an object that has a meaning" is rather a curious turn of phrase. If you mean a sculpture, an object with a symbolic meaning, it would be protected by copyright as soon as it is fixed in a tangible medium. A patent would be more appropriate for a new type of object with a useful function.