Why do the taliban do suicide bombing?

Answer 1

Often times, the environment we grow up in influences the thoughts we have and the decisions we make.

Many suicide bombers come from backgrounds where they are brainwashed into believing they are doing the right thing by killing others-

Religion, geography, political influences and economic conditions may all play a role in their decision,

A suicide bomber may seek martyrdom, honor, rewards in the afterlife or may even do it so that their family receives monetary compensation.

Or some people may just be inherently evil and gain pleasure from harming others -

Whatever the reason, in the end of the day there is no justified reason for murdering innocent people.

Answer 2

The Taliban (i.e., the leaders of the movement) really aren't into suicide activity personally. Their technique is to recruit "martyrs" with extravagant promises about the wonderful lives they'll lead in Muhammed's heaven if they kill themselves while taking out some infidels.

As to why there are suicide attacks at all, a boy with a vest full of dynamite is a very cost-effective instrument of destruction, being "a low-attitude cruise missile that can be assembled by unskilled labor."